In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of fractional differential equations with boundary conditions in the framework of Riesz–Caputo fractional operators. The methods of functional analysis are employed to establish the main results. Specifically, Banach’s contraction principle is used to prove uniqueness, while Schaefer’s and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorems are applied to demonstrate existence. Several examples are presented to illustrate the validity and applicability of the theoretical results.